Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy For Bulimia Nervosa Essay

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy For Bulimia Nervosa INTRODUCTION Bulimia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by binge eating as well as by self-induced vomiting and/or laxative abuse (Mitchell, 1986). Episodes of overeating typically alternate with attempts to diet, although the eating habits of bulimics and their methods of weight control vary (Fairburn et al., 1986). The majority of bulimics have a body weight within the normal range for their height, build, and age, and yet possess intense and prominent concerns about their shape and weight (Fairburn et al., 1986). Individuals with bulimia nervosa are aware that they have an eating problem, and therefore are often eager to receive help. The most common approach to†¦show more content†¦Behavioral techniques utilized by CBT are designed not only to change certain behaviors, but also to elicit the individuals cognitions associated with specific behaviors. COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL TREATMENT OF BULIMIA CBT treatment typically lasts about 20 weeks and can be divided into three stages (Fairburn et al., 1993). In the first stage, the cognitive view on the maintenance of bulimia is presented, and behavioral techniques are implemented to replace binge eating with more stable eating patterns. In the second stage, additional attempts are made to establish healthy eating habits, and an emphasis is placed upon the elimination of dieting. Cognitive processes (previously outlined) are focused upon extensively in this stage; the therapist and the individual examine his/her thoughts, beliefs, and values which maintain the eating problem. The final stage is concerned with maintaining the gains made in therapy once the treatment has been terminated (Fairburn et al., 1993). The cognitive view of the maintenance of bulimia nervosa stresses that there is more to an individuals eating problem then just binge eating (and purging). Low self-esteem, extreme concerns about shape and weight, and strict dieting are all implicated in perpetuating the vicious cycle of bulimia (Fairburn et al., 1993). Within the first stage of treatment (weekly sessions 1-8), the following steps characterize the cognitive-behavioral approach: 1) orientShow MoreRelated Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy And Exposure With Response Prevention In The Treatment Of Bulimia Nervosa3130 Words   |  13 PagesCognitive-Behavioral Therapy And Exposure With Response Prevention In The Treatment Of Bulimia Nervosa Bulimia nervosa is an eating disorder with psychological, physiological, developmental, and cultural components. The disorder is commonly characterized by binge eating followed by inappropriate compensatory behaviors, such as self-induced vomiting, excessive exercise, fasting, and the misuse of diuretics, laxatives or enemas. Patients properly diagnosed with bulimia nervosaRead MoreEssay on Different Types of Eating Disorders1136 Words   |  5 Pagesdealing with their weight or food intake. Although it is mostly common in women, men also struggle with an eating disorder, whether its anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, or binge eating disorder. Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder that is characterized by extreme thinness, which is mostly accomplished by an individual through self-starvation. Bulimia nervosa is another life-threatening disorder where the individual have a constant period of bingeing and to compensate for this excess in food intakeRead MoreBulimia Nerv osa Argument1639 Words   |  7 PagesBolanle Soyombo Cox AP Lit A2 April 18, 2012 Bulimia Nervosa: Argument Although bulimia nervosa can be treated in multiple fashions, there is a specific treatment that is proven to be the most effective in not only bulimia nervosa, but also other anxiety related disorders. This effective treatment is an specific form of short term psychotherapy. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is productive in both reducing the amount of times one may purge in a day and diminishing the entire disorder altogether;Read MoreTypes Of Therapy Used For Treating Personality Disorders1403 Words   |  6 PagesThe two major types of therapy used to treat personality disorders are cognitive and behavioral therapy, and a lot of the time, a merge between the two called cognitive behavior therapy. The effectiveness of these three types of therapy on those suffering from depression, anxiety disorders, eating disorders, and panic disorders has been discussed and tested for years. The effectiveness of these therapies on the discussed disorders varies greatly, but has been proven by se veral studies. A definitiveRead MoreTaking a Look at Eating Disorders1708 Words   |  7 Pagesas well as physical health. Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are the most common types. Others are binge eating disorder and eating disorder not otherwise specified. Classification: †¢ Anorexia nervosa (AN), †¢ Bulimia nervosa (BN), †¢ Eating disorders not otherwise specified †¢ Binge eating disorder (BED) or compulsive overeating, †¢ Pica The two most common types, Anorexia nervosa and Bulimia nervosa are described below: Anorexia Nervosa: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a psychiatric disorder withRead MoreCultural Factors Of Eating Disorders1696 Words   |  7 Pageseating disorders are found much less commonly than in Western nations (Miller, 2014, para. 6). Evidence-Base Practices Treatment Treatment for bulimia can involve a combination of psychotherapy, medication, nutrition, education and support groups. Finding a treatment for an individual with an eating disorder is not as easy as one thinks. Treatment of bulimia, as with all eating disorders, can be challenging because effective treatment addresses the underlying emotional and mental health issues. TheseRead MorePsychological Disorders : A Psychological Disorder1097 Words   |  5 Pagespsychological disorder can also be bulimia nervosa. Bulimia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of gorging on large quantities of food, followed by use of inappropriate ways to prevent weight gain. (Abnormal Psychology; 338) People that are bulimic tend to go into a depressive stage because they have a greater fear of becoming over weight than any other person does. The diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM) diagnosis of bulimia nervosa requires that binge-eatingRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Anorexia Nervosa1186 Words   |  5 PagesCity, Oklahoma. She is the oldest of four children and her parents have been married for the past twenty-two years. After suffering for the past seven years in silence, Brandy has finally sought out treatment for bulimia nervosa. Brandy is a textbook case of a patient suffering from bulimia. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed., DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association, 2013) diagnostic criteria includes: Persisting binge eating episodes, reoccurring behaviors to preventRead MoreThe Importance Of Treatment For Bulimia Nervosa2263 Words   |  10 Pagessignificance of treatment for Bulimia Nervosa as well as which way of treatment is best for Bulimia. The purpose of this research is to analyze the best treatments for Bulimia Nervosa. More emphasis on the question, is Bulimia Nervosa best treated with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy or with antidepressants such as Adapin or Prozac? Furthermore, in the paper the results will indicate the efficacy of treatment of which method of treatment is best for Bulimia. Bulimia Nervosa is characterized by The DiagnosticRead MoreBulimia Nervos Eating Disorder1271 Words   |  6 Pages Bulimia Nervosa Presenting Problem Bulimia Nervosa, also referred to as Bulimia, or Binge-Purge behavior, is an eating disorder in which an individual will engorge themselves with unusually large amounts of food in a short amount of time and purge later. Between eating binges, a person with Bulimia Nervosa will tend to restrict their caloric intake, and by their own preference select foods in which they believe are seemingly â€Å"low in calories†. Often, an individual may feel out of control during

Beowulf As An Ultimate Hero - 933 Words

Emon Nguyen Mrs. Hunter English 12 19 September 2017 Beowulf: the archetypal (ultimate) hero Archetypal heroes are found in many literary works, and in varied forms. In literary terms, a hero (male) or heroine (female) is defined as a character that goes against adversity, has great strength, courage, bravery, and who makes unselfish sacrifices, usually for the greater good. The Collins English Dictionary defines â€Å"archetypal† as a perfect example of something. Archetypes in literature was first applied by Carl Jung (1875-1961), a Swiss psychiatrist. Jung recognized patterns in mythologies and stories regardless of the time period that was covered by the literary work. Archetypal heroes present in various forms including warriors,†¦show more content†¦It is that characteristic to want to help others even if it means sacrificing your life, that supports designating Beowulf as an archetypal hero. The 14 men that went with Beowulf made up the band of companions or supporters of the hero that is typically found in stories about heroes. Beowulf and his men were very brave. Bravery is another characteristic of an archetypal hero. Upon safely reaching Denmark, the great warrior, along with his men, devised a plan to trap and kill the monster. Beowulf and Grendel came face to face in a good versus evil struggle. Heroes often face a struggle of some sort (mental or physical). Beowulf was very, very strong as heroes are. The evil monster was shocked at the strength of Beowulf, not expecting to encounter one with such strength. Beowulf ripped the monster’s arm off. (Line #__) . Fearful for his life, Grendel struggled to free himself from the grip of Beowulf. â€Å"Grendel’s one thought was to run from Beowulf and flee†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (314-315). Great strength, as exhibited by Beowulf and recognized by Grendel, is yet another characteristic of an ultimate hero. In a gesture of boasting (as archetypal heroes do), Beowulf put the monster’s arm on display like a trophy for all to see. Grendel was not dead, but Beowulf had caused significant damage to the creature. Another example of Beowolf’s strength and courage is when theShow MoreRelatedEssay on Beowulf: The Ultimate Hero1705 Words   |  7 Pages A hero is one who places himself or herself at risk for another by performing great deeds of courage. In the epic poem Beowulf, the character of Beowulf is clearly a hero. Not only is Beowulf a hero because of his physical strength, but he also gives the glory to God. Beowulf is the ultimate hero who put his life on the line for an entire kingdom. Read MoreExamples Of The Epic Hero Of Beowulf846 Words   |  4 PagesThe Ultimate Hero What does it take for one to be considered an epic hero? According to dictionary.com, â€Å"an epic hero is defined as a brave and noble character in an epic poem, admired for great achievements or affected by grand events.† The unknown author, an Anglo-Saxon poet, of the epic poem Beowulf reveals that Beowulf was easily the most legendary hero of all time. In this heroic poem, Beowulf accomplishes many great achievements and is affected by a handful of great events. Beowulf is the grandestRead MoreThe Characteristics Of A Hero In The Epic Of Beowulf746 Words   |  3 PagesBeowulf Essay A hero in the modern world is hard to define and in some places even harder to find. Stories such as Beowulf are continually told in order to help define what a hero should / could be. Heroes in these stories possess traits such as bravery, great strength, or great cunning. However, while a true hero needs some of these traits they don’t define that person as a hero. What defines someone as a hero is daring to go and do what ordinary men wouldn’t in order to save innocent lives, knowingRead MoreThe Hero’S Quest Is Commonly Divided Into Three Groups:1273 Words   |  6 Pages and the Return. Each group has its own steps that a typical epic poem’s hero would follow on his quest. In the epic poem, Beowulf, the unknown author uses several steps of the Hero’s Quest to make Beowulf seem like a typical epic hero that follows the Hero’s Quest. The first step of the Departure is the Call to Adventure; this is the point in the hero’s life when he is informed that he will have to go on a quest. Beowulf experienced The Call to Adventure when heard of Grendel’s attacks on HeorotRead MoreEssay on Good and Evil in Beowulf1042 Words   |  5 PagesThe story of Beowulf was probably composed in England sometime in the Eighth Century AD, and written down circa 1000 AD, by a literate scop (bard) or perhaps a Christian scribe who was possibly educated in a monastery. The poem was created in oral tradition and was transferred to writing over time. It had its roots in folk tales and traditional stories until some very talented poet put it in something very near to its current form. The poem was more than likely performed for audiences at courtRead MoreThe Ideal Hero in Beowulf1090 Words   |  5 Pageswhether or not Beowulf is an ideal hero, one would have to understand the definition of an ideal hero, and then the deci sion and whether he has any flaws within this understanding can be made. Beowulf identifies many traits to allow the reader to make his own assumption on this epic poem. According to the dictionary, â€Å"a man of distinguished courage or ability, admired for his brave deeds and noble qualities† (dictionary.com?) is the proper guideline to determine if a character is an ideal hero or not. Read MoreBeowulf As A Heros Journey1624 Words   |  7 PagesFor Beowulf to retain its relevance after a journey from single surviving manuscript to famous epic poem, one can assume its star role is filled by a character extraordinary. The poem’s hero, Beowulf, strikingly resembles many renown principal characters. It would be an uphill battle arguing against him joining the likes of Hercules, Jesus Christ, and many more in their ÃÅ"bermensch status. Based on his words and actions, it is painstakingly clear that Beowulf is an archetypal hero; someone who sharesRead MoreThe Heroâ₠¬â„¢S Quest. The Hero’S Quest Is Commonly Divided1248 Words   |  5 Pages and the Return. Each group has its own steps that a typical epic poem’s hero would follow on his quest. In the epic poem, Beowulf, the unknown author uses several steps of the Hero’s Quest to make Beowulf seem like a typical epic hero that follows the Hero’s Quest. The first step of the Departure is the Call to Adventure; this is the point in the hero’s life when he is informed that he will have to go on a quest. Beowulf experienced The Call to Adventure when heard of Grendel’s attacks on HeorotRead MoreBeowulf And The Heros Journey Analysis740 Words   |  3 PagesJourney. The Belly of the Whale, which usually occurs during the hero’s departure, happens much later in both Beowulf and Spider-Man. In Beowulf, that part is represented in the scene when he is in the lake fighting Grendel’s mother. â€Å"Squatting with her weight on his stomach, [Grendel’s Mother] drew / a dagger, brown with dried blood, and prepared / to avenge her only son. But [Beowulf] was stretched / on his back, and her stabbing blade was blunted / by the woven mail shirt he wore on his chestRead More Beowulf: A Hero Essay782 Words   |  4 PagesBeowulf: A Hero Beowulf is a hero during the Middle Ages because of his generosity, strength, power, and courage. A hero is one who places himself or herself at great risk while performing acts of courage. Beowulf is a hero that put his life on the line for an entire kingdom. He has heroic and superhuman qualities. He must prove his worthiness of a superior warrior. He is recognized for his strengths and power of protecting his people. Beowulf is faced with three forces to fight, Grendel (a monster)

Movie Summary Orlando Essay Example For Students

Movie Summary Orlando Essay Orlando is the mildly depressing story through which cultural androgyny and rigid gender roles throughout history are explored. During the movie it becomes quite clear that Orlando, the main character, does not quite fit in anywhere within society’s rigid gender roles. Real men fought battles, wrote poetry, and had intellectual discussions together. Having any emotions, as a man was not acceptable just as you were not allowed to be a woman and have any intellectual discussions, or physical strength. Right from the start Orlando does not fit into these stereotypes of this time period and shows an equal amount of male and female traits regardless of his/her biological gender. Early in the movie, we discover that Orlando considers him/herself neither male nor female from the very start. The very first shot we get of Orlando he is sitting by an oak while the narrator talks about how he was born into an aristocratic family and would not have to worry about much in his life. He paces around the frame uncomfortably and finally takes a seat near the oak tree. The camera pans to a close up of his face and the an says â€Å"He† and at this point Orlando quickly corrects the narrator and says â€Å"That is I†. Within the first scene of the movie we quickly see how uncomfortable Orlando is with the traditional gender roles of society. He immediately negates being called â€Å"he† and instead picks a gender-neutral pronoun â€Å"I†. The viewer can tell right away that Orlando does not consider himself a man at all. Orlando does not settle for fortune and status but rather will only settle for love. In the third scene Orlando is shown at a dance with his fiance. During this scene Orlando spends a majority of his time leering at another woman. We later find out that this woman’s name is Sasha. Orlando’s fiance quickly takes notice to him staring at Sasha and walks out of the party to leave him alone. At this point the viewer gets a short monologue from Orlando â€Å"We’d never have worked, a man must follow his heart†. This shows another one of Orlando’s feminine traits. During this time period, a man’s status, power, and possessions were far more important than his heart. But to Orlando, this was not the case at all. He is with his fiance, not for love, but for status. Sasha on the other hand was someone that Orlando was physically attracted to. Another time that Orlando shows his emotions is during the battle scene. An enemy had just been shot and was dying. Orlando notices him when he walks by and crouches down beside him. The other men insist that he leave him behind because he is â€Å"not a man, but an enemy†. Unlike the other men at battle, Orlando has too much empathy to do this without feeling tremendous guilt. Sympathy is undoubtedly considered a female trait. As he walks away from the battle, the sounds of babies crying are all that the viewer hears. This sound is most commonly associated with mothers. To Woolf and Potter the desire for love and companionship transcends gender roles. The desire to â€Å"own† a woman is seen as male as well as the ability to kill without remorse. Orlando then enters a seven day sleep, and when he wakes up he is a woman. When Orlando is a woman, at first, he still tries to do all the things he would have done if he were a man. He talks to three poets and listens to them talk very negatively about women. The camera angles in this scene show how isolated Orlando is from the rest of society. The camera pans over the men as they are talking, and shows only the back of Orlando’s head which shows not only her insignificance to them, but the clear isolation from the male gender role that she has always felt, even as a man. .ucdcdd0f6b292a1117f93d6cae0fd8ca5 , .ucdcdd0f6b292a1117f93d6cae0fd8ca5 .postImageUrl , .ucdcdd0f6b292a1117f93d6cae0fd8ca5 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ucdcdd0f6b292a1117f93d6cae0fd8ca5 , .ucdcdd0f6b292a1117f93d6cae0fd8ca5:hover , .ucdcdd0f6b292a1117f93d6cae0fd8ca5:visited , .ucdcdd0f6b292a1117f93d6cae0fd8ca5:active { border:0!important; } .ucdcdd0f6b292a1117f93d6cae0fd8ca5 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ucdcdd0f6b292a1117f93d6cae0fd8ca5 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ucdcdd0f6b292a1117f93d6cae0fd8ca5:active , .ucdcdd0f6b292a1117f93d6cae0fd8ca5:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ucdcdd0f6b292a1117f93d6cae0fd8ca5 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ucdcdd0f6b292a1117f93d6cae0fd8ca5 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ucdcdd0f6b292a1117f93d6cae0fd8ca5 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ucdcdd0f6b292a1117f93d6cae0fd8ca5 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ucdcdd0f6b292a1117f93d6cae0fd8ca5:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ucdcdd0f6b292a1117f93d6cae0fd8ca5 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ucdcdd0f6b292a1117f93d6cae0fd8ca5 .ucdcdd0f6b292a1117f93d6cae0fd8ca5-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ucdcdd0f6b292a1117f93d6cae0fd8ca5:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Slumdog millionaire by Danny Boyle EssayWhen she confronts them about some of their harsh ideas about women and gender roles, she is essentially laughed at and asked to leave. It then becomes evident how differently women’s ideas are viewed than men’s. The viewer is able to feel how intimidated women are by men by the camera angles in this scene. Orlando’s character, even as a man, was never intimidating. One of the final scenes of the movie shows Orlando laying on the ground and Shelmerdine rides up to her with a horse, but instead of helping her he falls to the ground and twists his ankle. Orlando then has one of the few moments in the movie when she does something masculine. She asks for his hand in marriage and then puts him on a horse and whisks him away across the field. She is depicted on the front of the horse, riding it, while Shelmerdine is on the back, clutching to Orlando, and from this point on, Orlando finally seems happy. Once Orlando was in a relationship with Shelmerdine, where man, or woman, Orlando could do whatever she pleased. It was a far different relationship then she has with anyone else, they met in a nontraditional way, and even their sex was not the stereotypical dominant male, submissive female. As a male, Orlando had many feminine traits, but as a female, Orlando still did things as though she was a man, such as rescuing Shelmerdine, and having a meeting with poets. Through Orlando, who is neither a stereotypical man, nor women, but rather has traits of both, the viewer learns just how difficult it would be during this time period to feel like you have to fit into these very rigid gender roles.